Controlando territorios, reestructurando relaciones socio-ecológicas: La globalización de agrocombustibles y sus efectos locales, el caso de Montes de María en Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18441/ibam.13.2013.49.93-115Keywords:
Agrocombustibles, Extractivismo, Territorialización, Conflictos socioambientales, Ecología Política, Colombia, Siglo XX-XXI, Agrofuels, Extractivism, Territorialization, Socio-environmental conflicts, Political Ecology, 20th-21st CenturyAbstract
Un indicador de la actual crisis civilizatoria es la alta dependencia en el petróleo. Así, los agrocombustibles se han presentado como transición sostenible para superar esta situación, y simultáneamente, combatir el cambio climático y promover el desarrollo rural. Sin embargo su producción ha generado la emergencia de conflictos socioambientales en territorios locales. Este artículo caracteriza el modelo de producción de los agrocombustibles en el marco de la estrategia de desarrollo neoextractivista. Además, analiza desde una perspectiva de la Ecología Política las disputas territoriales en el municipio de María la Baja, Colombia, donde la producción de aceite de palma ha crecido masivamente durante la última década.
Abstract
High oil dependency and the hegemony of resource intensive life style and production patterns within the Western Hemisphere are indicators of multiple crises phenomena, such as the climate and energy crisis. In this context, agrofuels have been presented as a triple solution to fight climate change, reduce oil dependency, and promote rural development. Nevertheless, the promotion of agrofuels at the global scale has lead to the emergence of socio-environmental conflicts at the local scale. From a transnational perspective, this paper characterizes the production of agrofuels as a particular form of a “neo-extractive” development model. Besides, from a political-ecological perspective, the article offers an analysis of the territorial transformation processes and disputes in the municipality of María la Baja, Colombia, where the production of palmoil has been expanding during the last decade.
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